此類病人，即使是沒有周邊動脈硬化的症狀(如運動後腿腳會痛)，也以表示其周邊動脈已有動脈硬化粥形成及阻塞，Sen』究發現1/4中風後的病人有硬化，後續兩年，他發生心血管疾病的機率是沒有的病人的4倍，中風為5倍。

clipped from www.webmd.com Ankle Test Tells Heart Risk After Stroke ABI Test Detects Asymptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease The ABI is a simple test that measures the blood pressure at the ankle and compares it to the blood pressure at the arm. If the ankle blood pressure is significantly lower, it indicates that plaque is clogging the outer arteries of the body. This is PAD. About a fourth of the TIA/stroke patients in the Sen study did have PAD. Over the next two years, they were four times more likely to suffer a TIA, heart attack, or heart-related death. And they were five times more likely to suffer a stroke.

– 深入閱讀

clipped from www.revolutionhealth.com Persistent depression after heart trouble harmful Date updated: February 05, 2008 Content provided by Reuters NEW YORK (Reuters Health) – Persistent depression is associated with worse physical health a year after heart attack or severe chest pain — known by the umbrella term 『acute coronary syndrome』 (ACS), researchers from Canada report. Dr. Brett D. Thombs, from McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, and colleagues investigated whether symptoms of depression during and after hospitalization for ACS predict physical health status 12 months after ACS in a study of 425 patients. Based on these findings, Thombs and colleagues think doctors should assess symptoms of depression, 『not only at the time of the acute ACS hospitalization, but also subsequently during follow-up visits.』 SOURCE: American Journal of Cardiology, January 1, 2008.

]]> http://tgkuo.wordpress.com/2008/02/06/%e5%bf%83%e8%87%9f%e7%97%85%e5%be%8c%e6%8c%81%e7%ba%8c%e6%80%a7%e6%86%82%e9%ac%b1%e7%97%87%e5%b0%8d%e5%81%a5%e5%ba%b7%e6%9c%89%e5%ae%b3/feed/ 0 tgkuo blog it http://tgkuo.wordpress.com/2008/01/29/%e8%88%87%e9%98%bf%e6%bb%8b%e6%b5%b7%e9%bb%98%e7%97%87%e6%9c%89%e9%97%9c%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0/ http://tgkuo.wordpress.com/2008/01/29/%e8%88%87%e9%98%bf%e6%bb%8b%e6%b5%b7%e9%bb%98%e7%97%87%e6%9c%89%e9%97%9c%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0/#comments Tue, 29 Jan 2008 14:33:27 +0000 tgkuo http://tgkuo.wordpress.com/2008/01/29/%e8%88%87%e9%98%bf%e6%bb%8b%e6%b5%b7%e9%bb%98%e7%97%87%e6%9c%89%e9%97%9c%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0/ ]]> ** 在具家族性的罹患阿滋海默症的患者身上，發現在染色體21，19，14，12與1上有基因方面的缺陷。
— 真正家族性個案並有確定遺傳型性的只佔阿滋海默症患者的5-10%而已。
— 家族性的患者發病時早發性個案 (30-50歲)患者，也許與遺傳有關，目前發現有：
1。 染色體 21：小於1%的早發型個案與此染色體的基因缺陷有關。此或可解釋為何存活到中年的唐氏症患者會出現此病。此缺陷會影響類澱粉前驅蛋白 (APP)而產生乙型類澱粉的纖維性叢結，而對神經產生毒性。
2。染色體14：有一半的早發型個案與此染色體上的presenilin 1 基因突變有關。
3。染色體1 ：其上發現有presenilin 2 基因，但只佔1%的個案。
**較典型的晚發型個案，在60歲後發病，也可能有基因的缺陷：
1。染色體19：其上有負責產生膽固醇運轉酶，apolipoprotein E (apoE)的基因。apoE的E4變異型，會促進纖維性乙型類澱粉的沉積，在40%的個案上被發現帶有此基因，但apoE4的出現並非此病的必需或必要條件。
2。染色體12：在30%的個案上可在染色體12上發現有甲型-2-巨球蛋白的基因。
3。tau蛋白與微小管相關，tau基因的突變可在一些患者上發現，此不正常的tau蛋白，可解釋在神經纖維性叢結上發現的螺性性纖維。

– 深入閱讀‥

clipped from library.med.utah.edu Familial cases tend to have an earlier age at onset. Genetic defects in familial cases have been identified on chromosomes 21, 19, 14, 12 and 1. The so-called 『early onset』 cases of AD in persons in their 30′s, 40′s, and 50′s may have a genetic basis. Less than 1% of early onset AD cases are linked to a genetic defect on chromosome 21 About half of early onset AD cases are linked to mutations in the presenilin 1 gene on chromosome 14. A presenilin 2 gene has been discovered on chromosome 1, but this defect accounts for less than 1% of cases. The more typical 『late onset』 cases of AD occurring after age 60 may have underlying genetic defects. A genetic locus on chromosome 19 encodes for a cholesterol transporter called apolipoprotein E (apoE). A genetic locus on chromosome 12 that encodes for alpha-2-macroglobulin may be found in 30% of AD cases. Mutations in the tau gene which codes for tau, a protein that is associated with microtubules, can be found in some AD cases.

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